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18 lines
1.3 KiB
18 lines
1.3 KiB
## Semiotics
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**Semiotics** is the study of signs and symbols and their use or interpretation.
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What is a sign?
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A **sign** is a token that represents something.
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What a sign represents depends upon the interpreter of that sign.
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The intended meaning is often referred to as the value of the sign.
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A **symbol** likewise is a token that represents something. (Interesting side note is to explore the entymology of the word.)
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### 3 Points of view of semiotics
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**syntax** - the grammar or structure of a language
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**semantics** - the meaning of a language
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**pragmatics** - the effective use of a language
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Duality, in mathematics, principle whereby one true statement can be obtained from another by merely interchanging two words. It is a property belonging to the branch of algebra known as lattice theory, which is involved with the concepts of order and structure common to different mathematical systems. A mathematical structure is called a lattice if it can be ordered in a specified way (see order). Projective geometry, set theory, and symbolic logic are examples of systems with underlying lattice structures, and therefore also have principles of duality.
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The development of symbolic logic led to the development of programming languages. **Programming languages depend upon the duality that exists between a language and the machine that recognizes that language**.
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